Consists of three main components

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Memory
  • Input/Output (I/O) interfaces

The key features are:

  1. Single Memory for Data and Instructions : Both program and data are stored in the same memory space.
  2. Control Unit and ALU : The CPU is divided into the Control Unit (CU) and Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) for executing instructions.
  3. Sequential Execution : Instructions are executed one after the other unless explicitly told to jump.
  4. Input/Output Systems : Used for interacting with external devices.
  5. Stored Program Concept : Programs are loaded into memory and executed from there allowing flexibility and reusability.